References

Amati, L. et al. 1997

Amati, L. et al. 1997, SPIE Proceedings, 3114, 176

Amati, L. et al. 1998

Amati, L., Piro, L., Antonelli, L.A., et al. 1998, Nucl. Phys. B, 69/1-3, 656

Amati, L. et al. 1999

Amati, L. et al., 1999, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., in press

Arnaud 1996

Arnaud, K.A. 1996, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, eds. Jacoby, J. and Barnes, J., ASP Conf. Series 101, 17.

Bambynik et al. 1972

Bambynik, W. et al. 1972, Reviews of modern physics, 441, 716

Band et al. 1992

Band, D., Ford, L., Matteson, J. et al. 1992, Exp. Astron., 2, 307-330

Band et al. 1993

Band, D. et al. 1993, Astrophys. J., 413, 281

Bartlett 1994

Bartlett, L.M., 1994, in High resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy of the Crab, PhD Thesis, Nasa Goddard Space Flight Center

Birks 1964

Birks, J.B., 1964, in The theory and practice of scintillation counting, Pergamon press, Oxford

Boella et al. 1997a

Boella, G., Butler, R.C., Perola, G.C., et al. 1997a, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 122, 299-307

Boella et al. 1997b

Boella, G., Chiappetti, L., Conti, G., et al. 1997b, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 122, 327-340

Bond 1997

H. Bond, IAU Circular n. 6654, May 1997.

Bruca et al. 1998

Bruca, L., Capalbi, M., Daniele, M.R., et al. 1998, Nulcear Physics B, 69/1-3, 731-734

Castro-Tirado et al. 1997

Castro-Tirado, A. J. et al., 1997, Science submitted.

Cavallo et al. 1978

G. Cavallo and M.J. Rees 1978, Monthly Not. Roy. Astr. Soc., 183, 359.

Chiappetti and Dal Fiume 1997

Chiappetti L., Dal Fiume D., 1997,
The XAS data analysis system,
in Proceedings of the 5$^{\rm th}$ International Workshop on Data Analysis in Astronomy, eds. di Gesú V., Duff M.J.B., Heck A., Maccarone M.C., Scarsi L., Zimmermann H.U. World Scientific Publ. Co., 101,
held at CCSEM Center, Erice, Italy on October 1996

Clarke et al. 1994

Clarke, T.E. et al. 1994, Astron. Journal, 107, 1873.

Comastri et al. 1995

Comastri, M., Setti, G., Zamorani, G. et al. 1995, å, 296, 1

Costa et al. 1997

Costa, E. et al. 1997, Nature, 387, 783

Costa et al. 1998

Costa, E., Frontera, F., Dal Fiume, D. et al. 1998, Adv. Sp. Res., Vol. 22, No.7, 1129-1132

Cusumano et al. 1998

Cusumano, G., Mineo, T., Guainazzi, M. et al. 1998, å, in press

Dal Fiume et al. 1999

Dal Fiume, D. et al. 1999, in preparation for å

Djorgovski et al. 1997

G. Djorgovski et al., 1997, Nature 387, 876.

Dyson 1990

Dyson, N.A., 1990, in X-rays in atomic and nuclear physics, Cambridge University Press

Fenimore et al 1995

E. Fenimore et al. 1995, Astrophys. Journal Letters, 448, L101.

Fenimore et al. 1996

E. Fenimore et al. 1996, Astrophys. Journal, 473, 998

Feroci et al. 1997a

Feroci, M., Frontera, F., Costa, E., et al. 1997a, SPIE Proceedings, 3114, 186

Feroci et al. 1997b

Feroci, M. et al., 1997b, Astron. Astrophys. Letters submitted.

Feroci et al. 1997c

Feroci, M. et al., 1997c, IAU Circular n. 6610, 4 April 1997.

Feroci et al. 1998

Feroci, M. et al. 1998, å, 332, L29

Fishman et al. 1994

Fishman, G. J. et al. 1994, Astrophys. Journal Suppl. Ser., 92, 229.

Fishman et al. 1995

Fishman, G. J. and Meegan, C. A. 1995, Annual Review Astron. Astrophys., 33, 415.

Ford et al. 1995

Ford, L. A., et al. 1995, Astrophys. J., 439, 307

Frail et al. 1997a

Frail, D. A., et al. 1997a, Astrophys. J., 483, L91

Frail et al. 1997b

Frail, D. A. et al., 1997b, Nature, 389, 261

Frail et al. 1997d

Frail, D. A. et al., 1997d, Astrophys. J., 483, L1

Frail et al. 1997e

Frail, D. A., et al. 1997e, Astrophys. J., 483, L91

Frenzen 1989

Frenzen, W., 1989, in X-ray detectors in Astronomy, Cambridge Astrophysical Series

Frontera et al. 1992

Frontera, F., Dal Fiume, D., Poulsen, J.M., et al., 1992, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 324, 589

Frontera et al. 1997a

Frontera, F., Costa, E., Dal Fiume, D., et al. 1997a, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 122, 357

Frontera et al. 1997b

Frontera, F., Cinti, M.N., Dal Fiume, D., et al. 1997b, Il Nuovo Cimento 20C, ,5, 797-809

Frontera et al. 1997

Frontera, F. et al., Astron. Astrophys. Letters (1997) sumbitted.

Frontera et al. 1998a

Frontera, F. et al., 1998, Astrophys. J., 493, L67

Frontera et al. 1998b

Frontera, F. et al. 1998, in Proc. Fourth Huntsville Symp. on Gamma-Ray Bursts, ed. Meegan, C. A., Preece, R. and Koshut, T. M.

Frontera et al. 1998b

Frontera, F. et al., 1998, in Proc. Fourth Huntsville Symp. on Gamma-Ray Bursts, ed. C.A. Meegan, R. Preece and T.M. Koshut

Fruchter et al. 1997

Fruchter, A. et al., IAU Circular n. 6747, September 1997.

Fryer and Woosley 1998

Fryer, C.L., and Woosley, S.E. 1998, Astrophys. J., 502, L9

Galama et al. 1997

Galama, T. et al. 1997, Astrophys. J., 486, L5

Galama et al. 1998a

Galama, T. et al. 1998a, Astrophys. J., L97

Galama et al. 1998b

Galama, T. et al. 1998, Nature, 395, 670

Garcia et al. 1997

Garcia, M. R. et al., Astrophys. Journal Letters, submitted (1997) (astro-ph/9710346)

Gatti et al. 1970

Gatti, E., Cottini, C., Donati, S., et al., 1970, Energia Nucleare, 17, 34

Giacconi & Gursky 1974

Giacconi, R. and Gursky, H., 1974, in X-ray astronomy, Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Mass., USA

Gorosabel et al. 1998

Gorosabel, J. et al. 1997, å, 339, 719

Hakkila et al. 1994

K. Hakkila et al. 1994, Astrophys. J., 422, 659.

Harshaw 1984

Harshaw Radiation Detectors manual, 1984, Harshaw/Filtrol

Heitler 1984

Heitler, W., 1984, in Quantum theory of radiation, Dover, N.Y.

Heise et al. 1999

Heise, R., et al. 1999, in preparation for ApJ

Horack et al. 1994

Horack, J. M. et al. 1994, Astrophys. J., 429, 319

Jager et al. 1997

Jager, R., Mels, W.A., Brinkman, A.C., et al. 1997, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 125, 557

Hurley et al. 1997

Hurley, K. et al., 1997, Astrophys. J., 485, L1.

James 1994

James, J., 1994, MINUIT minimization package, Reference Manual, Version 94.1, 1994, CERN/PACKLIB software library, ftp://asis01.cern.ch/cernlib/doc/ps.dir/minuit.ps

Klebesadel et al. 1973

Klebesadel, R. W. et al. 1973, Astrophys. J., 182, L85.

Knoll 1989

Knoll, G.G., 1989, in Radiation detection and measurement, John Wiley & Sons

Kobayashi et al. 1997

Kobayashi, S., Piran, T. and Sari, R. 1997, Astrophys. J., 490, 92

Kouveliotou et al. 1993

Kouveliotou, C. et al. 1993, Astrophys. J., 413, L101.

Kulkarni et al. 1998

Kulkarni, S. R. et al. 1998, Nature, 395, 663

Luchkov 1994

Luchkov, B. 1994, Astron. Letters, 20, 253.

Manzo et al. 1997

Manzo, G., Giarrusso, S., Santangelo, A., et al. 1997, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 122, 341-356

Maoz 1993

E. Maoz 1993, Astrophys. J., 414, 877

Marshall et al. 1997

F. Marshall et al., IAU Circular n. 6727, 29 August 1997.
T. Murakami et al., IAU Circular n. 6732, 4 September 1997.

Masetti et al. 1997

N. Masetti et al., 1997 (astro-ph/9710338).

Mészáros and Rees 1992

Mészáros, P. and Rees, M.J. 1992, Astrophys. J., 397, 570

Mészáros and Rees 1997

Mészáros, P. and Rees, M.J. 1997, Astrophys. J., 476, 232

Metzger et al. 1997

Metzger, M. R. et al., 1997, Nature, 387, 878

Morrison and McCammon 1983

Morrison R. and McCammon, D. 1983, Astrophys. J., 270, 119

Narayan, Paczynski and Piran 1992

Narayan, R., Paczynski, B., and Piran, T. 1992, Astrophys. J., 395, L83

Nicastro et al. 1998

Nicastro, L. et al. 1998, å, 338, L17

Norris et al. 1986

Norris, J. P. et al. 1986, Astrophys. J., 301, 213.

Norris et al. 1994

Norris, J. P. et al. 1994, Astrophys. J., 424, 540.

Paczynski 1986

Paczynski, B. 1986, Astrophys. J., 308, L43

Paczynski 1998

Paczynski, B. 1998, Astrophys. J., 494, L95

Palazzi et al. 1998

Palazzi, E. et al. 1998, å, 336, L95

Pamini et al. 1990

Pamini, M., Natalucci, L., Dal Fiume, D., et al., Il Nuovo Cimento, 13C, 337, 1990

Parmar et al. 1997

Parmar, A.,N. et al. 1997a, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 122, 307-326

Pedersen et al. 1997

Pedersen, H. et al., 1997, Astrophys. J., 496

Pendleton et al. 1995

Pendleton, G. N., Paciesas, W. S., Mallozzi, R. S. et al. 1995, NIMS A, 364, 567==577

Pendleton et al. 1997

Pendleton, G. N. et al. 1997, Astrophys. J., 489, 175.

Pian et al. 1997

Pian, E. et al., 1997, Astrophys. J., 492, L103

Pian et al. 1998

Pian, E. et al. 1998, paper presented at the Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, Rome, 3-6 Nov. 1998.

Piro et al. 1995

Piro, L., et al. 1995, SAX Observers' Handbook,
http://www.sdc.asi.it/pub/sax/doc/handbook/

Piro et al. 1997

Piro, L. et al., Proc. 4th Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium, Huntsville (AL) 15-20 September 1997.

Piro et al. 1998a

Piro, L. et al. 1998a, å, 329, 906

Piro et al. 1998b

Piro, L. et al. 1998b, å, 331, L41

Piro et al. 1999

Piro, L., Costa, E., Feroci, M., et al., 1999, Astrophys. J., in press

Preece et al. 1996

Preece, R. et al. 1996, Astrophys. J., 473, 310

Preece et al. 1998

Preece, R. et al. 1998, Astrophys. J., 506, L23

Preger et al. 1999

Preger, B. et al. 1999, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., submitted

Rapisarda et al. 1997

Rapiarda, M., Amati, L., Cinti, M.N., et al. 1997, SPIE Proceedings, 3114, 198

Rees et al. 1992

Rees, M. J. and Meszaros, P. 1992, Monthly Notes of the Royal Astronomical Society, 258, 41p.

Remillard et al. 1997

Remillard, R. et al., IAU Circular n. 6726, 28 August 1997.

Ricker et al. 1997

Ricker, G. et al. 1997, Proc. 4th Huntsville GRB Symposium, Huntsville (AL) 15-20

Sahu et al. 1997

Sahu, K. C. et al., 1997, Nature, 387, 476.

Sahu and Sterken 1998

Sahu, K.C. and Sterken, C. 1998, IAU Circ. No. 6808

Sari and Piran 1997a

Sari, R. and Piran, T. 1997a, Astrophys. J., 485, 270

Sari and Piran 1997b

Sari, R. and Piran, T. 1997b, Mon. Not. R. Astr. Soc., 287, 110

Sari 1997

Sari, R. 1997, Astrophys. J., 489, L37

Sari, Piran and Narayan 1998

Sari, R., Piran, T. and Narayan, R. 1998, Astrophys. J., 497, L17

Scarsi 1993

Scarsi, L., 1993, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., 97, 371-383

Siegbahn 1966

Siegbahn, K., 1966, in Alpha, Beta and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy, North-Hollm Publ.C., Amsterdam

Smith et al. 1997

Smith, I. A. et al., 1997, Astrophys. J., 487, L5.

Sokolov et al. 1997

Sokolov, V. V. et al., Proc. 4th Huntsville GRB Symposium, Huntsville

Strohmayer et al. 1998

Strohmayer, T.E., et al. 1998 Astrophys. J., 500, 873

Tavani 1996

Tavani, M. 1996, Astrophys. J., 466, 768

Tavani 1997

Tavani, M. 1997, Astrophys. J., 483, L87

Taylor et al. 1997

Taylor, G. B. et al., 1997, Nature, 389, 263

Toor et al. 1974

Toor, A. and Seward, F. D., 1974, Astronomical Journal, 79, 995

van Paradijs et al. 1997

van Paradijs, J. et al. 1997, Nature, 386, 686.

Vietri et al. 1997

Vietri, M. 1997, Astrophys. J., 478, L9

Vietri and Stella 1998

Vietri, M., and Stella, L. 1998, astro-ph/9808355

Wang and Wheeler 1998

Wang, L. and Wheeler, J. C. 1998, astro-ph/9806212

Waxman 1997

Waxman, E 1997, Astrophys. J., 485, L5

Wijers et al. 1997

Wijers, R. A. M. J. et al. 1997, Mon. Not. R. Astr. Soc., 288, L51

White 1994

White, S. 1993, Astrophys. Space Sci., 208, 301

NASA/HEASARC

XSPEC, An X-Ray Spectral Fitting Package, Users's Guide for Version 10, 1997, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Yoshida et al. 1997

Yoshida, A. et al. 1997, IAU Circular n. 6593

in 't Zand 1992

in 't Zand, J. J. M., 1992, Ph.D. Thesis, SRON/Utrecht

in 't Zand 1998

in 't Zand, J. J. M., 1998, Astrophys. J., 505, 119